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Capital and ventures.
Quantitative research.

Unique Aurora is a Singapore-based organisation focused on own-capital investment, early-stage ventures and quantitative research.

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PREPRINT / v2 / 30 MAY 2026

Event-Semantic
Limit Order Books

What information disappears when a history of orders, cancellations and trades is reduced to a market snapshot?

Yu Xiong · Research manuscript

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A QUESTION OF REPRESENTATION

01Events

What happened?

02State

What changed?

03Observation

What remains visible?

The same displayed quantity can leave an order waiting behind different quantities in the queue.

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